There are two dominant technologies: Pneumatic Dot Peen and Fiber Laser. Pneumatic Dot Peen machines are the industry standard for deep, permanent marking on heavy-duty metal frames and are highly cost-effective for automotive chassis. Fiber Laser marking offers higher precision, faster speeds, and no mechanical contact, making it ideal for aluminum parts or thin-walled components where structural integrity must be maintained. For mobile applications, choose a handheld battery-powered dot peen unit.